People describing their nationalities, perceive themselves as British in addition to their native country.

Black British culture-what their parents brought to Britain (food)

Caribbean food-yam, sweet potato

Patwa-a way of talking-Jamaicans use it to express themselves.

Mass Immigration for the UK

Came over to fulfill labour work

Theirinitial thoughts of Britain

Radio Extract from 1958

This radio extract is referring to the Notting Hill riot that occurred in 1958. The music within the extract is set at a very fast pace and it is almost like a horror film. so, the music creates a sense of fear within the audience that the black individuals are coming over. The 'posh' British man that is speaking within most of the extract is implying that there is an invasion as many Caribbean citizens were coming over to Britain, when in fact they were actually invited over. It is as if the man is trying to scare the British citizens of the Black people. The extract seems to represent the feelings of the white, British society as throughout most of the extract the British men are talking. So, the extract is showing their point of view which connotes that the British citizens have a sense of dominance over the blacks, as the audience only hear the point of view of a Caribbean once throughout the extract. However, there is a difference in opinion regarding the racial violence within Britain.

The lines within the extract reveal a huge amount regarding what the british man is talking about. The peach lines in the extract represent the white citizens whereas the black lines represent the black citizens. The peach lines at the beginning of the extract immediately set the scene as they create a sense of suspense.

Windrush Part 12

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Us41V3n2Fl0


In January 1981 there was a fire in South London which took the lives of 13 children. This tragedy sparked many protests. In the 1970's there was an economic recession and black youngsters were three times more likely to be unemployed than whites.

Windrush Part 11

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=by4rP5cubZo&NR=1


This part shows the radical movement of Michael X as he said 'If see any white man with a black woman kill them!' I found this strange because Michael X was supposedly fighting for black rights but instead he seemed to be making things worse and he seemed as bad as the white people that were discriminating the blacks . The Black House eventually closed down and Michael X disappeared. Anti-immigration groups grew in strength as they believed that 'they were there to change the face of the country from Northern European to something else'. In 1964 race became a major factor in general elections.

Windrush Part 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=by4rP5cubZo&NR=1


In the mid 1960's the wives and children of the West Indian migrants came over to England. West Indian families began to look at their place within British society differently. There was a change globally as Black Americans were experiencing what the West Indians in Britain previously faced. There was a Civil Rights Movement lead by Martin Luther King. However, despite all the changes that the West Indians and Britain's thought had happened a colour bar still existed in Bristol. There was a bus boycott to help bridge the segregation, so black people could sit on buses in Bristol. The success of this boycott ensured that no laws against racism existed in Britain. The Labour Party leader Harold Wilson, at the time was in support of this boycott. Activist, Malcolm X came over to Britain and had a huge impact on its citizens, so much that one man changed his name to 'Michael X' he was part of the RAS organisation, which was set up so that citizens could know the mind of the Black community.

Windrush Part 9

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHX9-RKdvBI&NR=1

There was a change within British relationships as it was 'fashionable' for a white girl to be seen with a black guy. Black men were also a source of fascination for wealthy whites. A white woman named 'Christine Keeler' was known for her affair with two West Indian guys. 'Anything that showed black people being portrayed negatively was shown a huge amount in the newspapers'. Which was strange because I believed that Christine Keeler was 'let off' for what she did and also the war minister also had an affair with this woman but it was perceived totally different because he was white. Black people found resistance in the most uncommon places e.g. the church. Ministers would not like black members to attend their church because there was a fear that they would lose their white members. I found this strange to believe because church is a place of equality not discrimination and God is love and He loves everyone so for ministers to say that in my point of view is hypocritical because it goes against their religion. Due to this a new movement called the 'Pentecostal church' emerged through the West Indians.

Windrush Part 8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYtB7rfKCWw&NR=1

This shows the funeral of the man that died which surprisingly brought both blacks and whites together as the funeral was interracial. Mosley was accussed of the death of this boy and for gangs such as 'The Teddy Boys'. I beleive that for Britain this was a realisation of how bad things had got for society; this caused a huge change as people began to rebel agianst Mosley. Secondly, white attitudes towards blacks changed and West-Indians began to see thier place within society. Also the 'Blues Party' was introduced by the West Indians and in addition to this a new type of music called 'Ska' was introduced by the blacks in the 1960's from these Blues Parties. The West Indians changed the British music scene as many white citizens beagn to listen to Carribean music, so there was a 'Jamaicanisation of white culture'

Windrush Part 7

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lxZdvK9fzI&feature=related

Part 7 shows how black homes were targeted by whites night after night. A man in the documentary recalls how white youngsters threw bottles of petrol through blacks windows in order to cause a fire. This shocked me because these black people did not offend these whites in any way yet they intend on killing them. Oswald Mosley started the anti-immigration movement, he same the Notting Hill riots as a way to launch his political career. Mosley caused the streets to become a very dangerous place for blacks. The white people that opposed Mosley found it extremely hard to help blacks or speak out against him because he in turn would taunt them as at that that he was indeed a very powerful and influential being. However, Britain did finally come to realise how bad this segregation was and how it caused a negative impact on society. Britain began to finally see a change as a group of youths were sentenced to four years due to the role they played within the riots.

Windrush Part 6

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYNfi4YyEp0&feature=related

This part shows how the black citizens were now able to buy houses, which caused the whites to ponder on how this happened and where they could have possibly gained the money from. Resentment towards blacks increased as racial hostility was accompanied by violence; every time on a white person saw a black on the street they were likely to fight them. If there was a white woman and black man together in public the woman would be beaten. This made me feel quite sad as to how people would discriminate against blacks solely because of their colour and how ignorant they were in those times, as nowadays things have drastically changed because everyone has equal rights. I realised that these black West-Indians were very strong emotionally, physically, mentally etc to endure all these hardships. This moment of time an age of 'tremendous cruelty against blacks' and the blacks no longer endured they began to fight back as they felt they were not appreciated for the work they have been doing.

Windrush Part 5

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jayl87RAv98&feature=related

Part 5 of this documentary portrays how the young West Indians found solace in their own clubs. Also, it shows the tribulations faced by interracial couples, which aroused hostility among the white citizens. It shows how unequal blacks were to whites as black men would be insulted and abused if they were seen with a white lady as 'No decent girl would want to Be seen with one of them'. In the 1950's the rate of immigration rose and likewise so did the discrimination of black people within the British society. It was very difficult for black people to get a room due to their colour as landlords would fear that welcoming a black person into their home would offend their tenants.

Windrush Part 4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CyADD0ARLo&feature=related

Part 4 of this documentary is showing the Caribbeans journey to England, most of them were surprised at the state of the country on their arrival as it did not match their expectations. A person within the documentary states that they were 'surprised of people's ignorance of the West Indians.' In accordance to the documentary it appears to me that the West Indians were very friendly citizens particularly to the British as the woman states that they would say 'Good morning' to their white neighbours but they would not receive any reply from them. Therefore, from this it seems that there were cultural differences between the whites and the West Indians as the West Indians were taught/brought up to respect others; however the white citizens may not have appreciated that as it was in their nature not to talk to strangers. It was as if the British people were just using the West Indians for their work (during the war) because after World War Two their attitudes towards them drastically changed. Which resulted in the West Indians feeling lonely and isolated as they were not prepared to be treated in this way and for them to see another fellow black person was such a good feeling as they knew they were not alone.

Winrush Part 3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-3x3aPtPfc&feature=related

This part of the documentary shows the Windrush bringing 500 Jamaicans over to Britain. When these Jamaicans arrived many of them were uncertain of jobs, where they were going to live and most of them did not know what they was going to do. So, even though a huge amount of them were desperate to come over to Britain as they believed the conditions would be better their survival was uncertain. These Jamaicans were placed in a shelter but as soon as they received work they had to leave. Britain needed labour and many Caribbeans were desperate for jobs so they in turn took them, It also seemed to me that the Caribbeans were indeed very significant to the British people as Enoch Powell went all the way to the Caribbean to find nurses. A large amount of these Caribbean citizens believed that England was such a beautiful country and place, however, what they saw on arriving there was totally different from what they initially thought.

Windrush Part 2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-3x3aPtPfc&feature=related

This part of the documentary looks into the West Indians fight in the Second World War. The West Indians also became popular and well-known as musicians and singers. However, when Hitler was defeated (at the end of the Second World War) British views towards the West Indians changed, as someone within the documentary recalls 'Isn't about time they went back to their own country!' This clearly showed that British citizens clearly did not want the West Indians as they had paid their dues and they did not appreciate their presence any longer. Though, many West Indians were desperate to come back to Britain after they flew back to their own country (after ww2). So many West Indians had the opportunity to fly over to Britain on a one way ticket as the economic conditions in their native country were bad.

Windrush Part 1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sh8SeGmzai4

The first part of the clip starts off with Black prominent figures, such as athletes, footballers. These Black British sports people are shown winning in their various fields as we see the Footballer scoring a goal and the athlete who seems to have won a sporting event for Great Britain. This lays an emphasis on Black achievement. Secondly, Black achievement is implied as we see a Black British group called 'Eternal' performing 'Angel of Mine' and also Trevor McDonald who was the first Black newsreader in the U.K., this shows the significance of Black Britain's in society. 'Britain today without these faces would be hard to imagine'. This suggests the these Black Britain's played a major and vital role in making Britain what it is today. The documentary also shows that half a million people from the West Indies came over to the U.K. and here the various speakers within the documentary talk about their experience on arriving in Britain. "Rooms for rent..No 'n******!" This portrays the harsh reality and lifestyle for Black people and how they felt unwelcome and did not feel part of the society. The west Indian citizens seems to have changed the country in a positive way as a man says 'we brought music, life, colour' which shows that the West Indians influenced the British way of life. Connie Mark says that 'they were taught to respect the Royal Family' and that 'they were brought up as British'. Therefore, from this it is percieved that the West Indians viewed themselves as British but the 'real' British citizens felt otherwise (due to their discrimination against West Indians through derogatory language and race riots etc). The West Indians were told to 'Fight for the mother land' which shows that they had a duty/a part to play to help Britain during the Second World War.